Poligon

Poligon is the term used for a polygon, a plane geometric figure consisting of a finite sequence of straight line segments that connect end to end to form a closed path. The segments are called edges, and their common endpoints are vertices. The region enclosed by the edges is called the interior, while the boundary is the polygon itself. If the path does not cross itself, the polygon is simple; if the path intersects itself, it is self-intersecting or complex, and may form star-like shapes.

Poligons are classified by the number of sides: triangle (3), quadrilateral (4), pentagon (5), and so on; the variable n denotes the number of sides. They are also classified by symmetry and shape: regular polygons have equal sides and angles; irregular polygons have varying sides or angles. Convex polygons have all interior angles less than 180 degrees, and all diagonals lie inside the polygon; concave polygons have at least one interior angle greater than 180 degrees.

Key properties include the sum of interior angles, which equals (n−2)×180 degrees, and the sum of exterior angles, which is always 360 degrees for any simple polygon. The number of diagonals is n(n−3)/2.

Poligons appear in geometry, computer graphics, architecture, and surveying. In some languages, the word poligon may also refer to a testing range or training ground, but in geometry it denotes a polygon.