Polüetüleenglükool

Polüetüleenglükool, often abbreviated as PEG, is a polyether compound. Its chemical formula can be represented as H-(OCH2CH2)n-OH, where 'n' indicates the number of repeating ethylene oxide units. PEGs are synthesized through the polymerization of ethylene oxide. The properties of PEG, such as its solubility in water and organic solvents, viscosity, and toxicity, vary significantly with the length of the polymer chain (the value of 'n').

Low molecular weight PEGs are typically clear, colorless, viscous liquids, while higher molecular weight PEGs are waxy solids. They are widely used in a variety of applications due to their inertness and water solubility. In the pharmaceutical industry, PEGs are employed as excipients in drug formulations, acting as solvents, emulsifiers, and binders. They are also used in cosmetics and personal care products as humectants, moisturizers, and thickening agents. In industrial settings, PEGs find use as lubricants, plasticizers, and surfactants.

PEGylation, the process of attaching PEG chains to proteins or other molecules, is a significant biotechnological application. This modification can improve the pharmacokinetic properties of drugs, such as increasing their half-life in the body and reducing immunogenicity. While generally considered safe, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to PEG, particularly in topical applications or following certain medical procedures. The specific grade and molecular weight of PEG are crucial for its intended use and safety profile.