Plusvalenze

Plusvalenze refers to the increase in the value of an asset between its purchase price and its sale price. The gain is realized when the asset is disposed of; gains that are not realized through sale are typically not taxed. In economic and tax contexts, the term describes profits from selling investments, land, buildings, or other possessions.

Tax treatment of plusvalenze varies by country and by asset class. Generally, capital gains are taxed separately from ordinary income, at rates determined by holding period, asset type, and the applicable tax regime. Many systems allow losses (minusvalenze) to offset gains in the same year or to be carried forward to future years. Some jurisdictions provide exemptions or reduced rates for long-held assets or for primary residences or specific investments.

Asset categories are commonly distinguished. Plusvalenze immobiliari are gains from selling real estate; plusvalenze mobiliari are gains from selling financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, or funds. The taxable base is typically the sale price minus the cost basis, including acquisition costs and, for real estate, improvements, adjusted for depreciation where applicable.

In Italy, plusvalenze are regulated within the tax system with separate rules for real estate and financial assets, including allowances, offsets, and holding-period considerations that affect whether and how much tax is due.