PkwLenkung

PkwLenkung refers to the steering system of a passenger car. Its primary function is to enable the driver to control the direction of the vehicle. Modern PkwLenkung systems are highly sophisticated and have evolved significantly from early mechanical designs. The core components typically include a steering wheel, a steering column, a steering gear (such as a rack and pinion or a recirculating ball mechanism), and connecting linkages that transmit motion to the wheels.

The steering wheel is the driver's interface, translating rotational input into directional changes. The steering column connects the steering wheel to the steering gear, often incorporating a collapsible design for safety in collisions. The steering gear is responsible for converting the steering wheel's rotation into a linear movement that actuates the front wheels. Rack and pinion systems are common in modern passenger cars due to their directness and efficiency.

To reduce the physical effort required from the driver, most PkwLenkung systems incorporate power assistance. Hydraulic power steering uses a pump to pressurize fluid, which assists the movement of the steering gear. Electric power steering (EPS) is increasingly prevalent, using an electric motor to provide assistance. EPS systems offer advantages in terms of energy efficiency and the ability to integrate advanced features like variable assistance levels based on vehicle speed. Electronically controlled power steering can also facilitate driver assistance systems like lane keeping assist.