PfRH2a2b

PfRH2a2b is a gene designation used in some Plasmodium falciparum genome annotations to refer to a member of the PfRH (reticulocyte-binding-like homologue) family of merozoite invasion ligands. The PfRH family comprises proteins that are involved in the parasite’s ability to invade erythrocytes and is notable for its genetic diversity and complex regulation. PfRH2a2b is described in certain datasets as a potential hybrid or chimeric variant that combines elements associated with PfRH2a and PfRH2b, although its precise status can vary between genome assemblies and studies.

As with other PfRH proteins, PfRH2a2b is expected to be part of the invasion machinery used by merozoites during red blood cell entry. PfRH proteins typically feature an N-terminal signal sequence, a substantial extracellular region implicated in receptor binding, and a C-terminal transmembrane domain with a cytoplasmic tail that anchors the protein to the parasite’s invasive organelles or surface. If PfRH2a2b encodes a functional protein, it would be anticipated to share this general architecture and to participate in receptor interactions that facilitate invasion.

Functionally, the PfRH family contributes to alternative erythrocyte invasion pathways and can modulate invasion efficiency and receptor usage. Variants at the PfRH2 locus, including potential PfRH2a2b forms, are of interest because they may influence parasite fitness and antigenic diversity, which has implications for vaccine design and immune evasion strategies. Current knowledge about PfRH2a2b remains limited, and further research is needed to confirm its expression, structure, and exact role in merozoite invasion.