Pex11p

Pex11p is a peroxin protein primarily involved in the biogenesis and maintenance of peroxisomes, which are small, membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells. It belongs to the peroxin family and plays a crucial role in peroxisomal proliferation and membrane dynamics. Pex11p is conserved across various species, including yeast, plants, and mammals, highlighting its fundamental role in cellular metabolism.

The Pex11p family proteins are characterized by their ability to induce peroxisomal membrane elongation, facilitating peroxisome division and proliferation. In yeast, Pex11p interacts with other peroxins to regulate peroxisome numbers in response to cellular metabolic needs, such as fatty acid metabolism. In mammals, the orthologs, such as PEX11α, PEX11β, and PEX11γ, exhibit tissue-specific functions, influencing peroxisome number, size, and function.

Pex11p is involved in various processes, including peroxisomal membrane remodeling, membrane scission, and protein import. Its activity is tightly regulated by cellular signals to maintain peroxisome homeostasis, which is essential for lipid metabolism and reactive oxygen species detoxification.

Mutations or dysfunction of Pex11p can lead to peroxisomal biogenesis disorders, often associated with developmental and metabolic abnormalities. Research into Pex11p continues to provide insights into peroxisomal dynamics and their importance in health and disease.

Overall, Pex11p is a vital component in the regulation of peroxisome proliferation and function, making it a significant focus in cell biology and medical research related to peroxisomal disorders.