Per1Per2

Per1Per2 is a specific type of circadian clock gene found in many organisms, including humans. These genes, also known as Period genes, play a crucial role in regulating the body's internal biological clock, which governs daily cycles of sleep-wake, hormone release, and other physiological processes. In humans, the PER1 and PER2 genes are part of a complex feedback loop that involves other clock genes and proteins. This loop ensures that the body's rhythms are synchronized with the 24-hour day-night cycle. Mutations in these genes have been linked to various circadian rhythm sleep disorders, such as familial advanced sleep phase syndrome. The proteins encoded by Per1 and Per2 accumulate in the nucleus during the night and inhibit the activity of other clock genes, thereby turning off their own transcription. As these proteins degrade during the day, the inhibition is lifted, and transcription restarts, completing the cycle. Research into Per1Per2 is ongoing, aiming to understand its precise mechanisms and potential therapeutic applications for sleep disturbances and other conditions affected by disrupted circadian rhythms.