Penningtillgången

Penningtillgången, often translated as "monetary assets" or "money supply," refers to the total amount of money and readily available funds within an economy at a specific point in time. This encompasses physical currency in circulation, such as banknotes and coins, as well as various forms of bank deposits that can be easily accessed and used for transactions.

The definition of penningtillgången can vary depending on the specific monetary aggregate being considered. For instance, narrow definitions like M0 might only include physical currency and central bank reserves. Broader measures, such as M1, typically include M0 plus demand deposits (checking accounts). Even wider aggregates, like M2 or M3, incorporate less liquid assets such as savings accounts, money market funds, and time deposits, recognizing that these can also be relatively quickly converted into spendable money.

Central banks play a crucial role in managing and influencing the penningtillgången. Through monetary policy tools like setting interest rates, conducting open market operations, and adjusting reserve requirements for commercial banks, central banks aim to control the amount of money available in the economy. The objective is often to maintain price stability, foster economic growth, and ensure financial system stability. Changes in the penningtillgången can have significant impacts on inflation, interest rates, and overall economic activity.