Peltonturbiini

The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine. It is a hydro-mechanical energy device used to convert the energy of moving water into rotational mechanical energy. This mechanical energy can then be used to drive a generator to produce electricity. The Pelton turbine is particularly well-suited for high head, low flow applications.

The turbine consists of a runner with a series of buckets mounted on its circumference. Water is directed onto the buckets by one or more nozzles. The high-velocity water jet strikes the buckets, causing the runner to rotate. The shape of the buckets is critical to the turbine's efficiency, designed to split the water jet and redirect it, thereby maximizing the transfer of momentum to the runner. The casing of the turbine protects the runner and channels the water away after it has passed through the buckets.

Pelton turbines are often used in hydroelectric power plants where the available water source has a significant vertical drop. They are known for their robustness and ability to operate efficiently over a range of flow rates. The speed of the runner is controlled by adjusting the flow rate through the nozzles, typically using a spear valve. This adjustment allows for regulation of the power output to match the demand. The simplicity of its design and ease of maintenance contribute to its widespread use in hydroelectric applications worldwide.