Patruunoita

Patruunoita are standard ammunition used in firearms. A cartridge is designed to be loaded into a chamber and fired in a single operation. It typically consists of four parts: a metal case that holds the other components, a primer that initiates ignition, a propellant charge that provides the energy, and a projectile (bullet) that travels down the barrel. The case also seals gases to prevent leakage and typically withstands the pressures generated during firing.

Cartridges vary by caliber (size) and by case design, which may be rimmed, rimless, or semi-rimmed. These differences affect compatibility with specific firearms, magazines, and feeding mechanisms. There are distinct families for pistols, rifles, and, in some contexts, shotgun shells, with each suited to particular platforms and purposes.

Bullets come in several shapes and constructions. Common types include full metal jacket, hollow point, soft point, and lead projectiles with or without a copper jacket. Bullet design influences accuracy, terminal performance, and reliability in feeding.

Propellants are typically smokeless powder in modern ammunition, replacing black powder used in the past. Ignition is provided by a primer, located in the base of the case in centerfire designs or around the rim in rimfire designs. Centerfire cartridges are dominant for most modern rifles and pistols; rimfire is common in smaller calibers and some beginner firearms.

Patruunoita are used for hunting, sport shooting, training, and military or law enforcement applications, and their regulation varies by country. Handling, storage, and transport are governed to ensure safety and compliance with local laws.