PathData

PathData is a compact textual representation of a vector path used in vector graphics, most notably within Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). It encodes the geometric path of a shape as a sequence of commands and coordinates and is typically assigned to the d attribute of a path element. PathData is also used by other systems, such as Android's vector drawables, where a pathData attribute serves a similar purpose.

PathData consists of commands that indicate how to move a pen and draw lines and curves. Commands include M (move to), L (line to), H and V (horizontal and vertical lines), C (cubic Bézier), S (smooth cubic Bézier), Q (quadratic Bézier), T (smooth quadratic Bézier), A (elliptical arc), and Z or z (close path). Each command can be uppercase for absolute coordinates or lowercase for coordinates relative to the current point. Parameters follow each command as numbers, separated by spaces or commas. If a command is repeated without a new letter, the previous command is assumed.

Example: M 10 10 L 20 20 L 10 20 Z describes a simple closed shape. A more compact form such as M10 10 20 20 10 20 Z is also valid in many engines, where subsequent coordinate pairs are interpreted as additional lines.

Rendering engines parse PathData to produce the actual geometry, applying transforms and fill or stroke styles. PathData is sensitive to syntax: missing or mismatched numbers, or invalid command sequences, can lead to rendering errors.

PathData is widely used for scalable icons and vector illustrations, enabling precise, resolution-independent shapes. It is also supported in related formats and libraries, including Android vector drawables and a variety of canvas/path parsing tools. Practical tips include choosing relative commands to shorten the string and reusing existing pathData from design assets where possible.