PI3KAktmTORpolku

PI3KAktmTORpolku is a signaling pathway that plays a crucial role in cell growth, proliferation, and survival. It is activated by growth factors that bind to receptors on the cell surface, leading to the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). PI3K catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), which serves as a docking site for proteins containing pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. One of the key proteins recruited to the plasma membrane by PIP3 is the protein kinase B (PKB), also known as Akt. Akt is then activated by phosphorylation, leading to the activation of downstream targets such as mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). mTOR is a serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and survival by controlling the translation of mRNA and the synthesis of proteins. The PI3KAktmTORpolku is a well-studied pathway in cancer research, as it is often activated in cancer cells and contributes to their uncontrolled growth and survival. Inhibitors of PI3K, Akt, or mTOR have been developed as potential cancer therapies. The pathway is also implicated in other diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease, where it plays a role in insulin resistance and glucose metabolism.