P3H

P3H, also known as Prolyl-3-hydroxylase, is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the post-translational modification of proteins, particularly collagen. It belongs to the family of dioxygenases and requires alpha-ketoglutarate, ferrous iron, and molecular oxygen as cofactors to catalyze its reaction. The primary function of P3H is the hydroxylation of specific proline residues within collagen molecules. This hydroxylation event is critical for the proper folding, stability, and structural integrity of collagen, a major component of connective tissues.

There are several isoforms of P3H, each with distinct tissue distribution and substrate specificities. These isoforms are involved in various physiological processes, including bone formation, cartilage development, and wound healing. Dysregulation of P3H activity has been implicated in a number of diseases, such as osteogenesis imperfecta and certain types of cancer, where altered collagen structure can lead to compromised tissue function and abnormal cellular behavior. Research into P3H continues to explore its therapeutic potential for conditions related to collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix remodeling.