Otsustamisvigade

Otsustamisvigade, also known as decision-making errors, are mistakes that occur during the process of making decisions. These errors can be categorized into several types, including cognitive biases, heuristics, and systematic errors. Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from rationality that occur in judgment and decision-making. Examples include confirmation bias, where individuals favor information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs, and anchoring bias, where decisions are influenced by an initial piece of information. Heuristics are mental shortcuts that simplify decision-making but can lead to errors if the shortcuts are not appropriate for the situation. Systematic errors, on the other hand, are consistent mistakes that occur due to flaws in the decision-making process itself, such as poor problem formulation or inadequate information gathering. Understanding and recognizing these types of errors is crucial for improving decision-making processes and avoiding costly mistakes.