Ototoxický

Ototoxický is a term used in the context of ototoxicity, which refers to the damage caused to the ear or its hearing structures by certain substances. Ototoxic compounds can harm the cochlea, the auditory nerve, or the hair cells in the inner ear, leading to hearing loss, tinnitus, or balance disorders.

The term "ototoxický" is a Czech word derived from the Greek words "otos" meaning ear and "toxon" meaning poison. Ototoxic substances can be divided into two main categories: direct ototoxins and indirect ototoxins. Direct ototoxins, such as certain antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents, can cause ear damage directly, often as a side effect of their therapeutic action. Indirect ototoxins, on the other hand, can increase the risk of ear damage due to their ability to impair kidney function or cause dehydration, which can exacerbate ototoxic effects.

Examples of ototoxic substances include certain medications such as gentamicin and cisplatin, as well as noise and chemicals like solvents or heavy metals. Prolonged or repeated exposure to ototoxic substances can lead to significant hearing loss or tinnitus. Individuals working with hazardous chemicals, using certain medications, or exposed to loud noises are at a higher risk of ototoxic damage.

Prevention and treatment of ototoxicity involve avoiding excessive exposure to ototoxic substances, protecting the ears from loud noises, and taking measures to prevent dehydration. Early detection and intervention can help prevent or mitigate hearing damage. In cases where ototoxic exposure is unavoidable, monitoring for signs of ear damage and seeking medical attention promptly can help minimize the consequences.