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Orthorhombic

Orthorhombic is a crystal system in which the unit cell has three mutually perpendicular axes of unequal length. This type of crystal structure is characterized by a lack of symmetry in three dimensions, resulting in a netlaid connection between the lattice points.

In the orthorhombic system, the three axes are related in such a way that the angles between

The space group of an orthorhombic crystal can be one of the 32 point groups, with the

Orthorhombic crystals are found in nature in a wide range of minerals, including quartz, pyrite, and tourmaline.

them
remain
fixed
at
90
degrees,
but
the
lengths
of
the
axes
are
not
equivalent.
This
results
in
various
types
of
orthorhombic
crystals,
some
of
which
include
hexagonal,
tetragonal,
and
monoclinic
systems.
symmetry
elements
of
a
group
consisting
of
a
rotation
of
30,
90,
or
180
degrees
around
a
two-fold
axis,
combined
with
permutations
of
the
axes
by
a
(100),
(010),
or
(001)
operation.
This
allows
the
crystalline
material
to
exhibit
anisotropy,
with
properties
such
as
thermal
conductivity
and
electrical
conductivity
varying
in
different
directions.
They
are
also
commonly
synthesized
in
the
laboratory
for
various
applications,
such
as
in
the
production
of
ceramics
and
semiconductors.
The
crystal
structure
of
orthorhombic
materials
has
been
studied
extensively
in
recent
years
due
to
their
potential
uses
in
advanced
technologies,
including
energy
storage
and
electronic
devices.