Onitrotoluene

Onitrotoluene, also known as 2-nitrotoluene, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C7H7NO2. It is a pale yellow crystalline solid and is one of three isomers of nitrotoluene, the others being 3-nitrotoluene and 4-nitrotoluene. Onitrotoluene is produced by the nitration of toluene. It has a characteristic odor and is slightly soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether.

The compound finds various applications as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals. It is used in the production of dyes, pigments, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. For instance, it can be reduced to o-toluidine, which is a precursor for various azo dyes. Its derivatives are also explored for their potential in medicinal chemistry.

Onitrotoluene is considered a hazardous substance. It is flammable and can decompose when heated, releasing toxic fumes. Exposure can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Inhalation of high concentrations can lead to symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and nausea. Proper handling procedures, including adequate ventilation and personal protective equipment, are essential when working with this chemical. Environmental precautions are also important due to its potential toxicity to aquatic life.