Olubadan

Olubadan is the traditional ruler and ceremonial head of Ibadanland, a city and metropolitan area in Oyo State, southwestern Nigeria. The name Olubadan translates from Yoruba as "owner of Ibadan" or "lord of Ibadan." The Olubadan is regarded as the apex of Ibadan’s traditional chieftaincy system and a custodian of Yoruba culture and heritage.

Historically, the office predates British colonial rule and remains the senior authority within Ibadan's traditional hierarchy. Ibadan's chieftaincy structure is organized into two main lines of chiefs—the Osi and the Ekerin—from which high-ranking titles are drawn. The Olubadan is selected from the senior chiefs by the Olubadan-in-Council, reflecting a system designed to balance lineage and seniority among Ibadan's nobility.

The Olubadan's palace and official residence are in Ibadan, and the monarch sits in council with other chiefs to advise the local government on cultural, ceremonial, and community matters. The office is recognized by the Oyo State government and participates in state ceremonies and mediation of disputes within the city and its environs.

In modern Nigeria, the role of the Olubadan is largely traditional and symbolic, with real political power residing in elected government. The Olubadan still wields influence in social affairs, cultural promotion, and dispute resolution, and remains a focal point for Ibadan's identity and heritage.