Olkiluoto

Olkiluoto is an island in the municipality of Eurajoki on the west coast of Finland, located in the Bothnian Sea. It is best known as the site of one of Finland’s principal nuclear energy complexes and a long-term spent nuclear fuel repository project. The island’s bedrock and stable geology have made it a focal point for nuclear facilities and related research.

The Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant, operated by Teollisuuden Voima (TVO), comprises two older boiling water reactors and a third, modern European Pressurized Reactor (EPR). The EPR unit experienced extensive delays and cost increases during construction but began producing electricity in late 2022 and entered commercial operation in 2023, significantly increasing Finland’s nuclear generating capacity.

Adjacent to the power plant is Onkalo, an underground facility developed by Posiva Oy for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. The Onkalo project has drawn international attention as an example of a deep geological repository approach to long-term radioactive waste management and has undergone regulatory review and staged construction over many years.

Olkiluoto has been a focal point for debates on energy policy, safety, and environmental impact in Finland and internationally. Routine operations are subject to national regulation and oversight, and the site includes facilities for research, emergency preparedness, and local infrastructure supporting plant operations and workforce needs.