Oligoéléments

Oligoéléments, also known as trace elements, are chemical elements that are present in minute quantities in living organisms. Despite their low concentration, they are essential for the proper functioning of many biological processes. These elements play crucial roles as cofactors in enzymatic reactions, components of hormones, and participants in metabolic pathways.

The most well-known oligoéléments include iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium, iodine, and molybdenum. Iron, for example, is vital for oxygen transport in the blood through its role in hemoglobin. Zinc is essential for immune function, cell growth, and wound healing. Copper is involved in energy production and the formation of connective tissues. Iodine is a key component of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism.

Deficiencies in oligoéléments can lead to a variety of health problems. For instance, iron deficiency causes anemia, while iodine deficiency can result in goiter and developmental issues. Conversely, excessive intake of certain trace elements can also be toxic. Therefore, maintaining a balanced intake through a varied diet is important. Food sources rich in oligoéléments include meats, fish, nuts, seeds, and certain vegetables. Supplements are also available, but it is generally recommended to obtain these nutrients from dietary sources whenever possible. The precise requirements for each oligoélément can vary depending on age, sex, physiological state, and other factors.