Oksüdeerija

Oksüdeerija is the term for an oxidizer, a chemical species that accepts electrons in a redox reaction and thereby oxidizes another substance. In chemistry, oxidizers are characterized by their ability to be reduced while the reacting partner is oxidized. They are often capable of releasing oxygen or other reactive oxygen species that sustain or accelerate oxidation of fuels or organic substrates.

Common types of oxidizers include inorganic compounds such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), nitrates and nitrites (e.g., potassium nitrate, KNO3), chlorates and perchlorates, and ozone (O3). Organic oxidizers exist as peroxides and certain nitro compounds. In many contexts, the chosen oxidizer determines the reaction medium, rate, and selectivity.

Applications of oxidizers span chemical synthesis, disinfection and water treatment, bleaching, polymerization initiation, and propellant chemistry. In propulsion, oxidizers such as liquid oxygen or nitrogen tetroxide are paired with fuels to produce thrust. In laboratory chemistry, controlled oxidations are used to convert substrates or to decontaminate surfaces.

Safety and handling: Oxidizers can intensify fires and react violently with reducing agents or fuels. They should be stored away from flammable materials, certain metals, and organic substances, and handled with appropriate PPE and ventilation. Compatibility and storage criteria depend on the specific oxidizer.

Terminology: In Estonian, oksüdeerija is the word for oxidizer; the term is used in chemistry and engineering to denote substances that accept electrons in redox processes.