Oksüdatsioonikihts

Oksüdatsioonikiht, also known as an oxide layer, is a thin film of metal oxide that forms on the surface of a metal or alloy. This layer is created through a chemical reaction between the metal and an oxidizing agent, typically oxygen from the air or water. The process of oxidation is a common phenomenon, and the resulting oxide layer can have various properties depending on the metal and the environmental conditions.

The formation of an oxidation layer is often a spontaneous process, but its rate and characteristics can be influenced by factors such as temperature, humidity, and the presence of other chemical species. For some metals, like aluminum, the oxide layer is relatively stable and can provide a protective barrier against further corrosion. This passivating effect is crucial for the durability of many aluminum products. In contrast, for metals like iron, the oxide layer (rust) is porous and does not prevent deeper oxidation, leading to structural degradation.

The thickness of an oxidation layer can range from a few nanometers to several micrometers. While often seen as a sign of degradation, in some applications, controlled oxidation is used to create desirable surface properties. For instance, anodizing is a process that deliberately forms a thicker, controlled oxide layer on aluminum to enhance its corrosion resistance, hardness, and aesthetic appeal. Understanding the formation and properties of oxidation layers is important in materials science, metallurgy, and corrosion engineering.