Obojivelníci

Obojivelníci, also known as Amphibians, are a diverse class of ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates characterized by their ability to live both in aquatic and terrestrial environments during different stages of their life cycle. They belong to the class Amphibia within the phylum Chordata. Obojivelníci typically have a life cycle that begins with aquatic larvae, known as tadpoles or eft larvae, which undergo metamorphosis to develop into terrestrial or semi-aquatic adults.

The group includes familiar animals such as frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians. Obojivelníci generally possess permeable skin that plays a vital role in respiration, moisture absorption, and osmoregulation; this feature necessitates a moist environment to prevent dehydration. Their reproductive strategies often involve laying eggs in water or moist environments, with some species exhibiting parental care behaviors.

Many obojivelníci are sensitive indicators of environmental health due to their permeable skin and reliance on aquatic habitats. They face various threats from habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, disease (notably chytridiomycosis), and invasive species. Conservation efforts focus on habitat preservation, research, and combating the decline of vulnerable species.

Obojivelníci play important roles in ecosystems as both predators and prey, helping control insect populations and serving as food sources for other animals. They have a significant ecological and scientific importance, notably in studies related to development, evolutionary biology, and environmental monitoring. Despite their adaptability, many species are currently at risk, emphasizing the need for ongoing conservation efforts.