Nyelvbénulás

Nyelvbénulás, also known as glossoplegia, refers to the paralysis of the tongue. This condition can affect one or both sides of the tongue, leading to difficulties with speech, swallowing, and tasting. The causes of nyelvbénulás are varied and can include neurological damage, such as stroke or injury to the cranial nerves (specifically the hypoglossal nerve), tumors pressing on the nerve, infections, or autoimmune disorders.

Symptoms can range from mild weakness and slurring of speech to complete inability to move the tongue. This can result in problems with manipulating food in the mouth, leading to choking or aspiration. Taste sensation may also be impaired. Diagnosis typically involves a neurological examination, imaging studies like MRI or CT scans to identify any structural abnormalities or lesions, and electrodiagnostic tests to assess nerve function.

Treatment for nyelvbénulás depends on the underlying cause. If it's due to a treatable condition like an infection or inflammation, addressing that primary issue may restore function. For nerve damage, therapies such as speech therapy and occupational therapy are crucial for regaining as much function as possible. In cases of permanent paralysis, compensatory strategies and assistive devices may be recommended to aid with communication and eating. The prognosis varies greatly depending on the severity and cause of the paralysis, with some individuals experiencing full recovery while others may have long-term challenges.