Nukleus

Nukleus is a term that appears in several contexts, most commonly as an alternate spelling of nucleus in some languages and technical domains. It derives from the Latin nucleus meaning “kernel” or “core” and is used to designate the central or essential part of something. In scientific terminology, Nukleus may refer to two related ideas: the cell nucleus in biology and the atomic nucleus in physics.

In biology, the nucleus is the membrane-bound organelle within eukaryotic cells that houses genetic material in the form of DNA. It regulates gene expression, replication, and the processing of RNA. The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a distinct structure where ribosomal RNA synthesis occurs, and is organized by the nuclear envelope with nuclear pores that control transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The chromatin within the nucleus becomes visible as chromosomes during cell division.

In physics, the atomic nucleus is the dense center of an atom, composed of protons and neutrons called nucleons. The nucleus accounts for most of the atom’s mass and is held together by the strong nuclear force. Nuclear properties are described by the atom’s atomic number (number of protons) and mass number (total number of nucleons). Nuclei can undergo fission or fusion, processes central to energy production, stellar phenomena, and various technologies.

Other uses of the term Nukleus exist as branding, fictional names, or titles in media and products. In such contexts, the term is typically chosen to evoke ideas of core, power, or central mechanism. See also nucleus, nucleolus, nucleation.