Nonanal

Nonanal is an organic compound with the chemical formula C9H18O. It is an aldehyde, characterized by the presence of a formyl group (-CHO) attached to a nonyl chain. Nonanal is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic waxy or fatty odor. It is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in most organic solvents. It occurs naturally in some essential oils and is also a component of the scent of citrus fruits, particularly grapefruit. Industrially, nonanal can be produced through the oxidation of nonanol or the hydroformylation of octene.

Nonanal finds various applications. It is used as a flavoring agent and fragrance ingredient in perfumes, cosmetics, and soaps due to its pleasant aroma. In the food industry, it can be employed to impart specific scent profiles. Nonanal is also a precursor in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, including nonanoic acid and various esters. Its presence in biological systems is being studied for its potential roles in plant signaling and defense mechanisms. While generally considered to have low toxicity, exposure to high concentrations can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.