Nivelrakoineen

Nivelrakoineen is a Finnish term that translates to "joint erosion" in English. It refers to a pathological process occurring in joints where the cartilage and underlying bone are progressively destroyed. This damage is often associated with inflammatory conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis, but can also be seen in other types of arthritis and injuries.

The process of nivelrakoineen typically begins with inflammation within the synovial membrane, the tissue lining the joint capsule. This inflammation leads to the release of enzymes and cytokines that attack and degrade the articular cartilage, which is the smooth, protective tissue covering the ends of bones in a joint. As the cartilage wears away, the underlying bone becomes exposed.

Further progression of nivelrakoineen can involve the formation of pannus, an abnormal tissue that grows over the cartilage surface and contributes to its destruction. Bone erosion occurs as inflammatory cells and enzymes directly attack the bone. This leads to changes in the joint's shape and function, often resulting in pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. Radiographic imaging, such as X-rays, is a common method for detecting and assessing the extent of joint erosion.