Niue

Niue is a self-governing island country in free association with New Zealand, located in the South Pacific Ocean northeast of New Zealand. The capital and largest settlement is Alofi. The population is around 1,600, with most residents living on the western coast. Official languages are Niuean and English, and the currency is the New Zealand dollar. In this arrangement, New Zealand handles defense and foreign affairs in consultation with Niue.

Geography: Niue spans about 259 square kilometers. It is a raised coral island with a limestone plateau, steep cliffs, and extensive cave systems. The terrain is largely karst with sparse low vegetation and coastal reefs. The highest point is about 68 meters above sea level.

History and government: Niue was annexed by New Zealand in 1901 and became self-governing in free association with New Zealand in 1974. Its head of government is the Premier; the legislature is a unicameral Niue Assembly. Niueans are New Zealand citizens under the associated state arrangement, and New Zealand provides aid and support.

Economy and demographics: The economy is small and dependent on aid from New Zealand, with tourism, fishing, and the sale of postage stamps contributing to revenue. Emigration to New Zealand and Australia is common, shaping the demographic profile. Infrastructure is limited, and development assistance frames public services.

Culture: Niuean culture centers on family, community, and Christian faith. Traditional crafts and music persist, and the Niuean language is actively used alongside English in education and daily life.