Nitrogénoxidokat

Nitrogénoxidokat, also known as nitrogen oxides (NOx), is a group of chemical compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen. The most common ones are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Nitric oxide is a colorless gas, while nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas. NOx are produced during high-temperature combustion processes, such as in internal combustion engines, power plants, and industrial boilers. Natural sources include lightning strikes and microbial processes in soil.

In the atmosphere, nitrogen oxides play a complex role. They are precursors to the formation of ground-level ozone, a major component of smog, which can cause respiratory problems and damage vegetation. NOx also contribute to the formation of acid rain when they react with water and oxygen in the atmosphere, leading to environmental damage. However, at very high altitudes, nitric oxide can play a role in ozone depletion.

Human health effects associated with exposure to nitrogen dioxide include irritation of the airways, increased susceptibility to respiratory infections, and aggravation of asthma. Due to their environmental and health impacts, regulations are in place in many countries to limit NOx emissions from industrial and mobile sources. Technologies like catalytic converters in vehicles and selective catalytic reduction in power plants are used to reduce NOx formation and release.