Nitriatsiooniliigid

Nitriatsiooniliigid refers to the different types or classifications of nitridation processes. Nitridation is a surface hardening process in which nitrogen is diffused into the surface of a metal, typically steel, to form a hard, wear-resistant layer. There are several ways to categorize nitridation based on the method of introducing nitrogen, the temperature, or the resulting microstructure.

One common classification distinguishes between gas nitriding, salt bath nitriding, and plasma nitriding. Gas nitriding involves heating the metal in a nitrogen-rich atmosphere, usually ammonia gas. Salt bath nitriding uses molten cyanide or cyanate salts to provide the nitrogen. Plasma nitriding, also known as ion nitriding, utilizes a glow discharge in a nitrogen-containing plasma to introduce nitrogen atoms onto the surface.

Another way to classify nitridation is by temperature. Low-temperature nitriding is performed below the eutectoid temperature of steel, typically between 500-600°C. High-temperature nitriding occurs at higher temperatures, sometimes above the eutectoid temperature, though this is less common for traditional nitriding.

Furthermore, nitridation can be classified by the resulting surface layer. Diffusion nitriding focuses on the diffusion of nitrogen into the metal matrix. Compound layer nitriding, or nitriding with a visible compound layer, produces a distinct, often brittle layer of iron nitrides at the very surface, which can be beneficial for wear resistance but may require specific post-treatment. Nitrocarburizing is a related process that introduces both nitrogen and carbon into the surface, creating a layer with enhanced properties.