Neutrofilejät

Neutrophilejät, also known as neutrophils, are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the body's immune response. They are the most abundant type of white blood cell, making up about 60-70% of all white blood cells. Neutrophils are essential for fighting infections caused by bacteria and fungi. They are characterized by their multi-lobed nucleus, which gives them their name, derived from the Greek words "neutros" meaning neutral and "philein" meaning to love, reflecting their role in defending the body against foreign invaders.

Neutrophils are produced in the bone marrow and are released into the bloodstream when an infection occurs. Once they reach the site of infection, neutrophils undergo a process called chemotaxis, where they are attracted to the site by chemical signals. Upon reaching the infection, neutrophils engulf and destroy the invading pathogens through a process called phagocytosis. They also release enzymes and other substances that help to destroy the pathogens and promote healing.

Neutrophils have a relatively short lifespan, typically lasting only a few days in the bloodstream. They are then removed from circulation and broken down in the liver and spleen. Neutrophils are also involved in other immune functions, such as tissue repair and inflammation. However, an overactive or prolonged inflammatory response can lead to tissue damage and chronic diseases.

Neutrophils are a vital component of the immune system, and their proper functioning is essential for maintaining overall health. However, imbalances in neutrophil levels or function can lead to various health issues, including infections, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer. Understanding the role and regulation of neutrophils is an active area of research in immunology and medicine.