Neurophysiologically

Neurophysiologically is an adverb used to describe phenomena, observations, or interpretations that pertain to neurophysiology—the branch of physiology that studies the functioning of the nervous system. The term emphasizes functional aspects of neural tissue, including how neurons generate action potentials, how synaptic transmission modulates activity, and how neural circuits produce coordinated behavior, perception, and autonomic responses. It can apply to both normal physiology and pathological states where nervous system function is altered, as in neurophysiological studies of epilepsy, sleep, or neurodegenerative diseases.

In practice, neurophysiological data are obtained through methods that measure electrical, chemical, or metabolic activity of neural tissue. These include electrophysiological recordings (such as EEG, single-unit or multi-unit recordings, patch-clamp), electromyography, and neuroimaging techniques that reflect underlying neural activity (such as functional MRI or PET). The term may also appear in descriptions of animal or human studies that interpret findings in terms of neural mechanisms and physiological processes rather than solely behavioral or cognitive outcomes.

The usage of 'neurophysiologically' signals an emphasis on the nervous system's functional mechanisms. It is common in neuroscience, psychology, neurology, and related fields where researchers aim to link observed phenomena to the physiology of neurons, synapses, and circuits.