Nephriittiä

Nephriittiä, also known as nephritis, is an inflammation of the kidneys, which can be caused by various factors including infections, autoimmune diseases, or toxic substances. The kidneys are vital organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and maintaining fluid balance. When they become inflamed, they may not function properly, leading to symptoms such as swelling, fatigue, and changes in urine output.

The causes of nephritis can be categorized into several types. Infectious nephritis occurs due to bacterial, viral, or fungal infections that affect the kidneys. Autoimmune nephritis, on the other hand, happens when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own kidneys. Toxic nephritis results from exposure to harmful substances like heavy metals or certain medications. Other causes include genetic disorders and conditions that affect blood flow to the kidneys.

Diagnosis of nephritis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, and urine analysis. Imaging tests like ultrasound or CT scans may also be used to assess kidney function and structure. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include antibiotics for infections, immunosuppressive drugs for autoimmune conditions, or measures to remove toxins from the body. In severe cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be necessary.

Prevention of nephritis involves maintaining overall health, avoiding exposure to known toxins, and managing underlying conditions that may contribute to kidney inflammation. Regular check-ups and early detection of any kidney issues can also help prevent the progression of nephritis.