Nefrektomia

Nefrektomia is a surgical procedure to remove one or both kidneys. It is typically performed to treat kidney cancer, severe kidney disease, or when a kidney is severely damaged and no longer functioning properly. In some cases, nefrektomia is also performed to donate a kidney to someone in need of a transplant.

There are two main types of nefrektomia: simple and radical. A simple nefrektomia involves the removal of only the kidney. A radical nefrektomia is a more extensive surgery that removes the kidney, the adrenal gland, nearby lymph nodes, and sometimes other surrounding tissues. The type of surgery performed depends on the condition being treated and the extent of the disease.

Nefrektomia can be done using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopic or robotic surgery. Minimally invasive approaches generally involve smaller incisions, shorter recovery times, and less pain compared to open surgery.

After nefrektomia, patients can live a healthy life with one functioning kidney. If both kidneys are removed, dialysis or a kidney transplant is necessary for survival. The recovery period varies depending on the type of surgery and the individual's overall health. Potential complications, though uncommon, can include bleeding, infection, or blood clots.