Namlik

Namlik is a legal term used in several Persianate and Central Asian legal traditions to denote ownership of real property. It designates the holder’s full ownership rights in a property, typically a freehold, allowing use, transfer, mortgage, lease, or bequeathment, subject to applicable laws and public interest considerations. Namlik rights are usually established and evidenced through a title deed or registration in a national or regional land registry. The registration creates a public record of ownership and helps determine priority in case of competing claims.

Ownership can be acquired through various means, such as purchase, inheritance, gift, or formal allocation, depending on the jurisdiction. Changes in namlik—such as sale or transfer—require formal registration and are often accompanied by taxes or duties, as well as any restrictions on transfer to certain categories of buyers or in specific zones (for example, urban, rural, or state-owned land).

Namlik is commonly contrasted with other forms of tenure, such as leasehold or usufruct, and with state or communal ownership where the government retains ownership of the land. In practice, the precise scope of rights, limitations, and remedies for disputes over namlik vary by country and by the specific legal system.