Na2C4H4O4

Na2C4H4O4 is the chemical formula for a disodium salt derived from a four-carbon dicarboxylic acid. In this salt, two sodium ions balance the dianionic core formed by the loss of protons from both carboxyl groups of the parent dibasic acid. The exact identity of the parent acid can be cis- or trans- isomeric (maleic or fumaric), so the formula can correspond to either disodium salt depending on the isomer considered.

Preparation of this salt typically involves neutralization of the corresponding dibasic acid with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. The resulting compound is usually obtained as a solid, which may exist as an anhydrous form or as hydrates, depending on preparation conditions and storage.

Physical properties of Na2C4H4O4 typically include being a white crystalline solid with good water solubility. In aqueous solution the salt contributes carboxylate groups that impart basic character to the solution, and the compound may participate in buffering or ligand-binding processes in solution. The salt can serve as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a source of dianions for coordination chemistry, where it can mediate metal ion interactions.

Safety and handling considerations are similar to other sodium carboxylate salts: generally of low to moderate toxicity, but direct contact with eyes or prolonged inhalation of dust can be irritating. It should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment, stored in a dry environment, and kept away from incompatible reactive substances.

See also: fumarate, maleate, disodium salts, carboxylate chemistry.