NSD3

NSD3, also known as KMT5A, is a histone methyltransferase that plays a crucial role in gene regulation. It belongs to the NSD family of proteins, which are characterized by their SET domain, a conserved region found in many histone methyltransferases. NSD3 is primarily involved in the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me3). This specific histone modification is generally associated with actively transcribed genes, acting as a mark that facilitates the elongation phase of transcription.

The enzymatic activity of NSD3 is regulated by a complex interplay of post-translational modifications and interactions with other proteins. It has been implicated in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and development. Dysregulation of NSD3 has been linked to several diseases, notably cancer. In certain types of cancer, NSD3 is overexpressed or mutated, contributing to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor progression. Research into NSD3's specific roles in different cancer types is ongoing, aiming to identify it as a potential therapeutic target. Furthermore, its involvement in developmental processes suggests a broader significance in maintaining cellular homeostasis and organismal development.