NPYR1

NPYR1, also known as Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1, is a protein that functions as a receptor for neuropeptide Y (NPY). NPY is a 36-amino acid peptide that is widely distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, and it plays a role in various physiological processes, including appetite regulation, energy homeostasis, and stress response. NPYR1 is a G-protein-coupled receptor that belongs to the class B family of GPCRs. Upon binding to NPY, NPYR1 activates G proteins, leading to the activation of downstream signaling pathways, such as the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway, which results in the production of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). These second messengers then mediate various cellular responses, including calcium mobilization and activation of protein kinase C (PKC). NPYR1 is expressed in various tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and peripheral organs, and its activation has been implicated in the development of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. The NPY/NPYR1 signaling pathway is a promising target for the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of these conditions.