NOxkibocsátások

NOx kibocsátások refers to the release of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. Nitrogen oxides are a group of gases, primarily nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), formed during the combustion of fossil fuels at high temperatures. These emissions originate from various sources, including vehicle exhaust, industrial processes, power plants, and agricultural activities.

The formation of NOx is a chemical reaction involving nitrogen and oxygen from the air when exposed to high heat. In engines, for example, the intense pressure and temperature cause atmospheric nitrogen to react with oxygen. In the atmosphere, nitrogen dioxide can react with water and other chemicals to form nitric acid, contributing to acid rain. It also plays a role in the formation of ground-level ozone, a component of smog.

NOx emissions have significant environmental and health impacts. They contribute to respiratory problems, aggravate asthma, and can damage lung tissue. Environmentally, they are a key contributor to acid deposition, which harms forests, lakes, and buildings. Furthermore, NOx emissions are precursors to the formation of secondary particulate matter, which also poses health risks.

Regulations and technologies are in place to control NOx emissions. Catalytic converters in vehicles are designed to reduce NOx output. Industrial facilities often employ technologies like selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) to lower their NOx emissions. International agreements and national policies aim to limit these emissions to mitigate their adverse effects on human health and the environment.