Müüridism

Müüridism is a religious movement within Islam, primarily associated with Sufism. It originated in the late 19th century in the Caucasus region, particularly among Chechen and Dagestani populations. The founder of the movement, Imam Shamil, a prominent leader during the Caucasian War against Russian expansion, is often considered a key figure in its early development. Müüridism emphasizes strict adherence to Islamic law and tradition, alongside a deep spiritual devotion.

A central tenet of Müüridism is the concept of the Murshid, a spiritual guide who leads disciples, known as Murids, on the path to spiritual enlightenment. This master-disciple relationship is crucial for the transmission of spiritual knowledge and practices. The movement often incorporates asceticism, meditation, and remembrance of God (dhikr) as integral parts of its spiritual discipline.

Historically, Müüridism played a significant role in fostering resistance against foreign domination and promoting a sense of Islamic identity. While it has been subject to various interpretations and has faced periods of suppression, its spiritual and communal aspects continue to resonate with many followers in the North Caucasus and beyond. The movement's emphasis on spiritual purification and adherence to Islamic principles remains its core identity.