MyD88TIR

MyD88TIR refers to a specific domain within the MyD88 protein. MyD88, which stands for Myeloid Differentiation primary response 88, is a crucial adaptor protein in the innate immune system. It plays a central role in Toll-like receptor (TLR) and other related receptor signaling pathways. The TIR domain, which stands for Toll-Interleukin 1 Receptor, is a conserved structural motif found in various proteins involved in immune signaling. In MyD88, the TIR domain is located at the C-terminus of the protein. This domain is essential for MyD88's function, as it mediates homodimerization and interaction with the intracellular TIR domains of TLRs and other receptors. Upon activation of these receptors by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), MyD88 is recruited to the receptor complex through its TIR domain. This recruitment initiates downstream signaling cascades, leading to the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP-1. These transcription factors then regulate the expression of genes involved in inflammation, immune cell activation, and the production of cytokines and chemokines, ultimately contributing to the host's defense against infection and injury. The MyD88TIR domain is therefore critical for the proper functioning of innate immunity.