Munkaviszony

Munkaviszony denotes the employment relationship in Hungarian law, between an employee and an employer, under which the employee performs work pursuant to the employer's direction and is compensated. It is governed primarily by the Labour Code (Munka törvénykönyve) and related legislation, including sectoral agreements and social security rules. The core elements are the parties, the subject matter (the work to be performed), the work organization, and the wage or remuneration.

The relationship generally arises from an employment contract, which may be for an indefinite period or for a fixed term. It may also arise through other lawful bases where a person is engaged as an employee. The contract or statute sets terms such as duties, working hours, rest periods, leave entitlements, wage, and safety obligations. The employee must perform the work and comply with reasonable directions; the employer must pay the agreed wage, provide safe working conditions, and comply with legal requirements regarding social security and benefits.

Rights and protections include protection against unlawful dismissal, entitlement to minimum wage, paid leave, and sick or parental leave as provided by law and collective agreements. Termination can occur by mutual agreement, notice by either party, or for cause, subject to applicable rules, and may involve severance or statutory protections in certain situations.

There are various forms of munkaviszony, including full-time or part-time, fixed-term or open-ended, and it may be affected by collective agreements, vocational regulations, and changes in ownership or organizational structure.