Monipassijärjestelmät

Monipassijärjestelmät, known in English as multi-pass systems or multi-pass machining, refers to a manufacturing technique where a workpiece undergoes multiple cutting operations or passes with a tool to achieve the desired final shape or dimension. This contrasts with single-pass machining, where the entire material removal is completed in one continuous operation.

The primary reasons for employing multi-pass systems include the ability to remove large amounts of material more effectively, to achieve tighter tolerances, and to improve surface finish. Heavy material removal in a single pass can lead to excessive heat generation, tool wear, and vibration, potentially compromising accuracy and workpiece integrity. By dividing the material removal into smaller, sequential passes, these issues are mitigated.

Multi-pass systems are commonly used in various machining processes such as turning, milling, drilling, and grinding. For example, in turning a large diameter shaft, roughing passes are performed first to remove the bulk of the material quickly, followed by semi-finishing passes to bring the workpiece closer to its final dimensions, and finally, finishing passes to achieve the precise size and smooth surface required.

The depth of cut and feed rate are adjusted between passes. Typically, initial passes have a larger depth of cut and feed rate for rapid material removal, while subsequent passes use progressively smaller depths of cut and feed rates to refine the geometry and surface quality. The strategic application of multi-pass machining is crucial for efficient and high-quality production in many industrial sectors.