Momenttihäiriö

Momenttihäiriö, also known as a movement disorder, is an umbrella term for a group of neurological conditions that affect a person's ability to control their movements. These disorders can manifest in various ways, including involuntary movements, slowness of movement, or difficulties with coordination and balance. The underlying cause is typically damage or dysfunction in the parts of the brain responsible for motor control, such as the basal ganglia.

Symptoms can range from mild and barely noticeable to severe and debilitating. Examples of common movement disorders include Parkinson's disease, characterized by tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and Huntington's disease, which involves chorea (involuntary jerky movements) and cognitive decline. Dystonia is another condition where sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Tremor disorders, such as essential tremor, involve rhythmic shaking.

Diagnosis usually involves a thorough medical history, neurological examination, and sometimes imaging tests like MRI or CT scans to identify any structural abnormalities in the brain. Genetic testing may also be used for inherited movement disorders. Treatment approaches are tailored to the specific disorder and may include medications to manage symptoms, physical therapy to improve motor function, occupational therapy to assist with daily activities, and in some cases, surgical interventions like deep brain stimulation. The prognosis varies greatly depending on the specific condition and its severity.