Modstande

Modstande is the Danish plural of modstand, and in Danish can refer to resistance in physics as well as opposition or obstacles in a process. In electronics, modstande denotes electrical resistors, components that limit electrical current and dissipate energy as heat.

The unit of resistance is the ohm, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω). According to Ohm's law, the voltage across a resistor equals the product of the current through it and its resistance (V = IR). Resistors are used to adjust signal levels, bias active devices, and protect components by limiting current.

Resistors vary in material and construction: carbon composition, carbon film, metal film, wirewound, and surface-mount types. They have a nominal resistance value, a tolerance typically expressed as a percentage, and a power rating in watts. Tolerances may be ±1%, ±5%, etc., and temperature coefficients indicate how resistance changes with temperature. Values are often encoded with color bands or printed markings. In circuit diagrams, a resistor is depicted as a zigzag line or rectangle, depending on standard.

In everyday Danish usage, modstande may refer to obstacles or opposition to plans or changes, such as social or political resistance; in historical contexts, resistance movements or acts of civil disobedience.