Mjölksyraacidos

Mjölksyraacidos, also known as lactic acidosis, is a medical condition characterized by an excessive buildup of lactic acid in the body. Lactic acid is a byproduct of normal metabolism, particularly during periods of intense physical activity or when the body's tissues are not receiving enough oxygen. When lactic acid accumulates faster than the body can clear it, it can lead to a dangerous drop in pH, a state known as acidosis.

There are two main types of lactic acidosis: type A and type B. Type A occurs when there is a lack of oxygen to the tissues, often due to conditions like severe infection (sepsis), heart failure, or shock. Type B is less common and can be caused by various factors, including certain medications (like metformin), liver disease, kidney failure, or some types of cancer.

Symptoms of lactic acidosis can vary in severity but often include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rapid breathing, weakness, and confusion. In severe cases, it can lead to a coma or even death. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure lactate levels and assess blood pH.

Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause of the lactic acid buildup. This may involve administering oxygen, improving circulation, treating infections, or discontinuing offending medications. In some cases, intravenous bicarbonate may be used to help correct the acidosis. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.