Mischmetall

Mischmetall is a mixture of rare-earth elements, typically comprising about 50% cerium, 25% lanthanum, and 20% neodymium, with smaller amounts of other rare earths like praseodymium and samarium. The exact composition can vary depending on the source and processing method. It is produced by electrolysis of molten rare-earth chlorides. The term "mischmetall" is German, meaning "mixed metal."

The primary application of mischmetall is in the production of lighter flints, particularly for reusable lighters. When struck against steel, mischmetall produces sparks due to its pyrophoric nature, meaning it ignites spontaneously in air. This property is a result of the finely divided metal readily oxidizing. Beyond lighter flints, mischmetall is also used as an alloying agent in various metals. It can be added to steel to improve its malleability and resistance to oxidation. In magnesium alloys, mischmetall is used to remove impurities like oxygen and sulfur, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the alloy. Its use in some specialized glass manufacturing processes has also been noted.