Mindestmengenkühlung

Mindestmengenkühlung, a German term that translates to "minimum quantity lubrication" or "MQL," is a machining process that uses a small amount of lubricant delivered directly to the cutting tool and workpiece. This method contrasts with traditional flood cooling, which floods the entire cutting zone with a large volume of coolant. MQL systems atomize a lubricant, typically a vegetable-based oil or a synthetic ester, with compressed air and direct this fine mist onto the cutting area. The primary functions of MQL are to reduce friction, cool the cutting edge, and evacuate chips.

The benefits of MQL include significant reductions in lubricant consumption, leading to cost savings and a reduced environmental impact. It also eliminates the need for coolant filtration and disposal systems associated with flood cooling. Furthermore, MQL can improve surface finish, extend tool life, and reduce energy consumption by lowering friction. The process is particularly well-suited for machining difficult-to-cut materials and for high-speed machining operations.

However, MQL is not without its challenges. Effective chip evacuation is crucial to prevent buildup and ensure proper cooling. The compatibility of the lubricant with the workpiece material and cutting tool is also important. While MQL systems are generally less expensive to operate than flood cooling systems, the initial investment in MQL equipment can be higher. The effectiveness of MQL is also dependent on proper setup and tuning of the system to ensure the optimal amount of lubricant is delivered to the cutting zone.