Milchgänge

Milchgänge, also known as lactiferous ducts, are a crucial part of the female mammary gland responsible for transporting milk from the lobules of the breast to the nipple. These intricate networks begin as small ducts within the glandular tissue, collecting milk produced by the alveoli. As they approach the nipple, these ducts gradually merge and widen, forming ampullae, which act as temporary reservoirs for milk before nursing.

The number of primary milk ducts typically ranges from 15 to 20, each opening individually at the tip of the nipple. The lining of the milk ducts is composed of epithelial cells that are stimulated by hormones such as prolactin and oxytocin during pregnancy and lactation. Prolactin is responsible for milk production, while oxytocin triggers the milk ejection reflex, causing the muscles surrounding the alveoli to contract and push milk into the ducts.

During lactation, these ducts play a vital role in the transfer of milk to an infant. The elasticity and structure of the milk ducts allow for this efficient transport. Problems with milk ducts, such as blockages (leading to mastitis) or inflammation, can significantly impact breastfeeding and require medical attention. Understanding the anatomy and function of milk ducts is essential for comprehending the process of lactation and for addressing common breastfeeding challenges.