Mikrotajuusviestintää

Mikrotajuusviestintää, often referred to as microwave communication in English, is a method of transmitting information wirelessly using radio waves in the microwave frequency range. This frequency spectrum, typically between 1 gigahertz (GHz) and 300 GHz, allows for the transmission of large amounts of data at high speeds.

The fundamental principle involves directing a focused beam of microwaves from a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna. These antennas are usually highly directional, often parabolic dishes, to ensure that the signal is concentrated and interference is minimized. This line-of-sight propagation is a key characteristic, meaning that the antennas must be able to "see" each other, often requiring relay towers for long-distance communication over curved terrain.

Microwave communication systems are employed in a variety of applications. They are essential for long-distance telephone trunking, connecting telephone exchanges across cities and countries. They also play a vital role in television broadcasting, enabling the transmission of signals to remote relay stations. Furthermore, point-to-point microwave links are used for secure data transmission in private networks and for connecting cellular base stations. Satellite communication also heavily relies on microwave frequencies for transmitting signals between Earth stations and orbiting satellites. The relatively wide bandwidth available in the microwave spectrum makes it suitable for high-capacity communication needs.